1 .
1. happiness名词，意为“________”，-ness为________，此类由形容词加-ness变为名词的词还有：sad→________；ill→________；kind→________等。
2. appear作系动词时，意为“________”，其后常跟形容词，作实义动词时，意为“________”，反义词为________“消失”。
3. enjoy动词，意为“________”，常用短语为：________“喜欢做某事”；________“过得愉快”。
4. seem动词，意为“________”，常用短语为：________“似乎做某事”；________“看起来像是；似乎”。
5. communicate动词，意为“________”，常用短语为：________“与某人交流”，其名词为________。
6. play a role in动词短语，意为“________”，其后可跟名词、代词或动词-ing，如：Frogs ________ our planet’s ecosystem.“青蛙在我们星球的生态系统中发挥着重要作用”。
7. protect动词，意为“________”，常用短语为：________“保护……免于……”。
8. while作连词，意为“________”时，引导时间状语从句，当它用作对比两件事物，意为“________”时，引导并列句。

2 . 从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次。

dreams for the future, study art, famous art museums, stay close to nature, have fun together, study hard, keep on trying, future job, place to live, make dreams come true

1. He has clear ________ and he wants to be an artist.
2. If you love painting, you can go to France to ________.
3. Paris has many ________, like the Louvre.
4. Living in the countryside helps her ________ and get art ideas.
5. On weekends, Mandy likes to invite friends and ________.
6. To be an artist, she decides to ________ and practice drawing daily.
7. No matter how hard it is, we should ________ to reach our goals.
8. Think about your ________ and plan how to achieve it.
9. The countryside is a peaceful ________ for artists.
10. With effort, we can all ________ and live the life we want.

3 . Taking _______ (笔记) is a good way to learn English.

4 . 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空

depend on     take steps     stay close to     run away from     get ready for

1. A lot of animals are in danger, so we must ________ to protect them.
2. Do you need ________ your speech?
3. Don’t ________ your dreams just because they seem difficult to achieve.
4. The price of a product (产品) often ________ its quality.
5. She ________ her family, even when she’s busy with work.

5 . 当我感到悲伤的时候，周围的每个人都关心我。
Everybody around me ________ ________ me when I am sad.

6 .
1. character名词，意为“人物，个性，文字”，如：The prince, Edward, and the poor boy, Tom, are the ______________________ in Mark Twain’s famous novels.“王子爱德华和那个可怜的男孩汤姆是马克·吐温那部著名小说中的两个角色”。
2. “in a+形容词+way”表示“___________________”，在句中作方式状语。
3. the average height表示“___________________”，“平均体重”则为____________________。
4. from…to…意为“____________________”，其后可跟表示时间或空间的词。
5. exchange即可作动词又可作名词，意为“交换”，常用短语：exchange…for…“____________________”；in exchange for“____________________”。
6. by accident意为“_____________”，常在句中作状语，同义短语为_________________，反义短语为on purpose“故意，有意地”。
7. expect动词，意为“预料，期待”，常用结构为：expect (sb.) to do sth.“________________”。
8. make a difference“_________________”，该短语中，difference前还可用big、great等词修饰，也可将a改为no、much等限定词。

7 . 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。每个短语限用一次。

in common   thanks to   make a mistake   a sense of   as...as

1. He ________ and the machine could not work.
2. ________ the high speed trains, our journey becomes much shorter now.
3. Mary and her parents have a lot ________
4. The climate here isn’t ________ warm ________ you think.
5. Simon doesn’t have ________ direction so he often gets lost in a new place.

8 . 据说他们每年扔掉数百吨的垃圾。
________________________________________________________________________