八年级英语下册知识点总结

一、基础知识Unit1What's the matter?
1. What's the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/'maeta(r)/n.问题；事情. What’s the matter with you? = What’s the trouble with you? = What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
【注】matter和trouble为名词，其前可加the或形容词性物主代词，Wrong是形容词，不能加the.
【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题，其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。即：What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What happens to sb.?
What’s the matter with you? I have a bad cold.
2. I had a cold. 我感冒了。have a cold = catch a cold = have the flu 感冒
have a fever 发烧, have a cough 咳嗽, have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼, have a toothache 牙疼, have a headache 头痛
3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词.
stomach+ache=stomachache, head+ache=headache, tooth+ache=toothache, back+ache=backache 后背痛
4. much too+形容词，意为太...，too much+名词，意为很多，大量。
5. enough【形容词、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形容词后，副词后。good enough 足够好，enough money = much money
6. lie down 躺下，lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie 说，过去式lied
7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
8. sound like + 名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don't know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound + 形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
9. need 需要，实义动词 need + 名词，需要某物；need to do sth. 需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth. 主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.
10. get off（the bus）下（公交车）get on 上车
11. agree 同意，赞同；agree with sth. 同意某事，如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见，如：I agree to Li Lei.
12. trouble 问题，麻烦；be in trouble 遇到麻烦，make trouble 制造麻烦，have trouble (in) doing sth. = have difficulties (in) doing sth. 做…有麻烦。
13. right away = right now = at once，意为马上。
14. advice [不可数名词] 劝告，建议，向…征求意见，give sb. advice on sth. 就某事给某人建议；advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事；advise sb. doing sth.
15. exercise 练习、锻炼。当 exercise 意为“练习”时，为可数名词，可以加 s；当 exercise 意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词，不加 s。
16. hurt 及物动词，使…疼痛，…受伤：He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词，…（部位）疼：His leg hurt badly.
17. clean [动词] 打扫，clean the classroom 打扫教室，[形容词] 干净的，cleaner 意为清洁工。
18. hit（用手或器具）打；击打：The boy hit the dog with a stone. hit sb. on the head/nose/back 打某人的头、鼻子、后背；on 用在所打较硬的部位；hit sb. in the face/eye/stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子；in 用在所打较软的部位。
19. be used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于、适应了…做某事，强调状态：His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.

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